What type of parts typically fail due to dielectric breakdown?

The correct choice is related to components that are sensitive to voltage levels. Dielectric breakdown occurs when the insulating material between two conductive parts allows current to flow due to an excessive voltage. This phenomenon typically happens in capacitors, insulators, and similar electronic components designed to withstand specific voltage ranges.

When the voltage exceeds these specified levels, the dielectric material can no longer insulate effectively, leading to potential short circuits or failure of the component. Voltage-sensitive parts are designed with particular voltage ratings, and exceeding these ratings can lead to catastrophic failures, making understanding this aspect crucial in avionics systems where reliability is paramount.

The other types—frequency sensitive, temperature sensitive, and time-sensitive—relate to different operational parameters and modes of failure that are not primarily linked to the concept of dielectric breakdown. Frequency sensitivity typically concerns components reacting to varying signal frequencies, temperature sensitivity relates to performance changes due to temperature fluctuations, while time-sensitive components are affected by operational longevity and wear over time. Each of these aspects plays a role in overall performance but does not correlate directly with dielectric breakdown.